Celery can be grown not only in spring, autumn and winter, but also in greenhouses. In line with the original intention of ensuring the benefits of high yield, high yield and stable yield of celery.
From the aspects of preparation before planting, planting, seedling management, soil preparation, transplanting, post-transplanting management, pest control, etc., the celery planting technology has been optimized. This article takes the cultivation of celery in greenhouses as an example, briefly expounds the cultivation techniques of celery in sunlight greenhouses for reference.
1. Preparation before planting
①Sowing seedlings
Prepare seedbeds, celery likes cold and cold climate, choose seedbeds. It requires deep soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, fertile soil, suitable for shading. Before planting, apply 100 kg of lime deeply.
②Soil preparation and disinfection
Choose peat soil or field soil free from pests, diseases, and weed seeds and fully decomposed organic fertilizer, and prepare nutrient soil according to the ratio of fertile soil to 1:1 or 4:6.
Spread 10 cm thick vegetative soil on the seedbed. It can be sterilized by methods such as high temperature fermentation, or 50% carbachol wettable powder and 50% thiram wettable powder can be mixed at a ratio of 1:1.
Or 25% methylmethylene wettable powder and 70% metabolomycin wettable powder are mixed at a ratio of 9:1, 8 ~ 10g per 1m2 of medicine and 4 ~ 5kg of fine soil are mixed, and 2/3 of the seeding is spread on the bed , Cover 1/3 of the seeds.
③Make up the seedbed
The width of the plot is 1 m, and human and animal manure is used as the base fertilizer, 2,000 kg each time. Add 1 kg of furan during the preparation process to kill earthworms.
④Seed soaking to promote germination
The seeds are packed in cloth bags and then hung in a deep well with a long rope. After 48 hours of soaking, the seeds were suspended 0.5 m from the water surface. After 3 to 4 days of accelerating germination, 80% of the seeds can be sown. If conditions do not permit, a refrigerated cabinet should be used instead.
2. Planting
The planting amount per 667 m2 is 250 ~ 300 g in summer and autumn, and 150 ~ 200 g in winter and spring. The planting volume of celery per 667 m2 can increase by 25 ~ 50 g.
Before sowing, cover with a layer of fine soil after moisture infiltration, spread evenly on the bed surface, and cover with 0.5cm of fine soil. In the hot season, choose to broadcast after 16:00 or in the shade, and set up shade and sunshade to cool down and prevent rain.
3. Seedling management
The temperature in the seedling stage is controlled at 15-20℃. In winter, the seedlings are insulated with two layers of membranes, and in summer, the seedlings are constructed with shading nets to form a small arch shed with rain and cool on all sides. After the membranes appear, the awnings may be gradually removed.
During the seedling stage, keep the bed soil moist and water frequently. Summer seedlings are watered in the morning and evening, and winter seedlings are watered in the sunny morning.
4. Soil preparation
Select plots with no pollution sources, flat terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, low groundwater level, deep soil, loose and fertile, and no Umbelliferae and leafy vegetables as the previous crops.
Remove the residue of the last crop. For soil that needs to be sterilized all the year round, it can be sterilized by solar energy or irrigated with water after applying 75 kg of lime nitrogen per 667 m2, and covered with transparent plastic film or closed greenhouse film. After 30 days of sweltering hot sheds, open windows for ventilation, adjust the soil moisture, and then loosen the soil.
5. Transplanting
When the seedlings grow to 5 to 6 leaves, they can be transplanted. Apply fertilizer before transplanting. According to the fertility of the soil, apply the compound fertilizer according to the organic fertilizer, and the soil is tilled and mixed evenly on the bed.
Transplanting seedlings should be water-permeable. When entering the soil, be careful not to damage the root system. Transplant in grades and plant them reasonably densely. The buried depth of transplanting is the same as the original depth of seedlings. Water after transplanting in time to facilitate slowing down the seedlings.
6. Post-transplanting management
After transplanting, apply fertilizer frequently to keep the soil moist. Plow shallowly 2 to 3 times before planting. In high temperature and dry seasons, early growth should be covered with shading nets or covered with wool shading in sheds or small arched sheds.
Especially dry, you can use furrow irrigation in the morning and evening when the water temperature is low to avoid flooding the surface of the tank. After the tank is wet, it should be drained quickly to maintain the normal growth of celery.
7. Pest control
The main diseases include viral diseases, early blight, spot blight, soft rot, etc. Physiological diseases include heartburn, hollow heart disease, etc. The main pests include aphids and mole crickets.
①Agricultural Control
Select disease-resistant varieties and breed suitable-age seedlings. Control temperature and humidity. Reasonable crop rotation, without umbrella crops and onion and garlic crops, crop rotation for 3 to 4 years.
②Physical prevention and control
Use silver-gray mulch to avoid aphids. Yellow board to kill whiteflies and aphids, 25cm x 40cm rectangular cardboard, coated with yellow paint.
Then apply a layer of oil and hang on the top of the plants in the row above, 230-40 pieces per 667 m. The vents are closed with anti-insect nets to avoid rain, shade and insects, and reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases.
③Biological control
Use biological control agents such as natural enemy insects and agricultural antibiotics to control plant diseases and insect pests.
④Chemical control
At the initial stage of the onset of viral diseases in the field, the 15% virus bicycle wettable powder was sprayed 700 to 1,000 times, sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and sprayed continuously for 2 to 3 times.
For early blight, use 45% chlorothalonil smoke agent 200 g/667 m2 to smoke, or spray 5% chlorothalonil smoke agent 1000 g/667 m2, apply at night, and cover with shed film after application.
Disinfect soft rot with lime in time. You can spray 72% wettable powder of agricultural streptomycin sulfate in the early stage of onset. Every 7 to 10 days, prevent and treat continuously 2 to 3 times. When spraying, pay attention to the strain and surrounding On plants, spray on the base of the petiole and the stems near the surface.
Use 10% imidacloprid wettable powder, 2 500 ~ 3 pyridine emulsion 500 times 15%, 3 000 ~ 500 times liquid for control. Saute 5 kg of bean cake or wheat bran until fragrant, trap and kill the mole cricket, the dosage is 1.5～2.5 kg/667 m2;
Or use 50% phoxim 1.0 ~ 1.5 kg/667m2, mix well with 15 ~ 30 kg of dry fine soil, and sprinkle it on the vegetable field or ditch into the soil. Or irrigate the root with 250 times liquid of 25% imidophos emulsion.
Celery is a commonly used vegetable in northern regions. Celery planting technology is simple and efficient, and is regarded by the locals as a good way to make money.
Science and technology should be used to effectively improve the yield and quality of celery. After transplanting, field management should be strengthened, agronomic planting techniques should be optimized, and the field environment should be improved to increase yield.
Strengthen the management of celery cultivation technology in solar greenhouses to achieve annual supply, ensure market demand, and provide consumers with better quality celery.
